Monday, 13 August 2012

Tight Jeans, Childhood Obesity And Infertility

TIGHT, trendy jeans are in vogue. Men and women, boys and girls, even the elderly are embracing it. Most Nigerian families also erroneously celebrate obese children as pointers to affluence. But medical experts say excessively tight jeans, known as skinny jeans, and childhood obesity may be responsible for growing cases of infertility.
How? Tight jeans have been discovered to cause bladder problems, testicular torsion and damage sperm production; and childhood obesity triggers early onset of puberty, leading to a diminished ability to reproduce – particularly in women.
Medical experts, in reports published recently in the journal, Frontiers in Endocrinology, said there is still much to learn about the consequence of obesity and puberty, as well as its effects on the liver, pancreas and other endocrine glands. But, they say, in general, puberty is starting earlier in girls and the problem is accelerating.
A fertility expert and joint pioneer of the first test tube baby/In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) in Nigeria, Prof. Oladapo Ashiru, told The Guardian: “What wearing tight jeans does to the body is that it brings the scrotum (part of a male’s body located behind the penis) close to the body, which increases the temperature of the testis. The high temperature of the testis will affect sperm production. In the process of trying to adjust to temperature, the testis can be twisted leading to testicular torsion.”
Ashiru, however, said while a direct connection to tight clothing and low sperm counts has not been researched, it has been noted that sperm counts tend to be higher among men who wear boxer shorts for underwear instead of those tight fitting briefs. “If you have to wear tight jeans you have to wear an underwear that is stable,” he said.
The adjunct professor at the University of Illinois in Chicago, United States, said the testis is one of a pair of organs (plural is testes) and part of the male reproductive system where sperm is produced. Testicular torsion occurs when the spermatic cord to a testicle twists, cutting off the blood supply (a condition called ischemia).
Ashiru, who is also the medical director of Medical Art Centre (MART) Maryland Surulere, Lagos, said the most common symptom is the rapid onset of acute testicular pain; the most common underlying cause is a congenital malformation known as a “bell-clapper deformity” wherein the testis is inadequately affixed of the spermatic cord allowing it to move too freely on its axis and become entangled.
A study of 2000 British men found one in 10 men wearing skinny jeans incurred testicular torsion. Others complained of bladder problems or urinary infections causing some to slack off skinny jeans use and avoid permanent bladder damage.
According to the study, “the testicular malady is created by the tight jeans constricting free movement of the spermatic cord, which then gets twisted, creating testicular torsion. This cuts off blood supply and can lead to gangrene.”
Prof. Patrick Chappell, of Oregon State University, United States, said: “The issue of so many humans being obese is very recent in evolutionary terms, and since nutritional status is important to reproduction, metabolic syndromes caused by obesity may profoundly affect reproductive capacity.
“Either extreme of the spectrum, anorexia or obesity, can be associated with reproduction problems.”
Chappell added: “Any disruption of circadian clocks throughout the body can cause a number of problems, and major changes in diet and metabolism can affect these cellular clocks.
“Disruption of the clock through diet can even feed into a further disruption of normal metabolism, making the damage worse, as well as affecting sleep and reproduction.”
Previous studies in humans have found correlations between early puberty and the risk of reproductive cancers, adult-onset diabetes, and metabolic syndrome.
Early onset puberty has also been associated with increased rates of depression and anxiety in girls, studies have found, as well as increased delinquent behaviour, smoking and early sexual experiences in both girls and boys.
 By Chukwuma Muanya (www.ngrguardiannews.com)

Kingfisher Posts Another Quarterly Loss

Kingfisher Airlines, which used to be India's second biggest carrier but is now struggling with crushing debt, has posted another quarterly loss and shed no light on any potential funding lifeline.
Kingfisher, controlled by drinks baron Vijay Mallya, is the biggest victim of turbulence in the Indian aviation industry, which has struggled under high state taxes on jet fuel, high airport charges, below-cost fares and an uncertain regulatory environment.
Kingfisher, which has never made a profit since its founding in 2005, lost INR6.51 billion rupees (USD$117.7 million) in April-June, compared with a loss of INR2.64 billion a year earlier.
The fortunes of Kingfisher, saddled with USD$1.4 billion in debt, hang on its ability to raise funds soon. It needs at least USD$500 million immediately to keep operating, according to the Centre for Asia Pacific Aviation consultancy.
It has long hoped that a government proposal to let foreign carriers take a maximum 49 percent stake in domestic airlines will be made law, providing it with a potential lifeline. That proposal is stalled by complicated coalition government politics and there is no clarity on when or even if it will be implemented.
No foreign airline has publicly shown any interest in picking up a stake in Kingfisher.
TOUGH SKIES
State taxes of up to 30 percent make jet fuel about 50 percent costlier in India than the global average. Fuel constitutes about half of an airline's total costs.
In India, airport charges are also high, and New Delhi airport has been termed the world's costliest by the International Air Transport Association.
To add to those woes, Mallya has failed to pay Kingfisher's pilots or crew for months and has regularly faced employee ire over salaries, leading to cancellations of flights.
According to media, Mallya on Thursday told his employees they were free to quit if they believed the actions they were taking to protest against the non-payment of salary were correct.
Mallya, who is a member of parliament, has said that several local and foreign investors were interested in investing in Kingfisher but no money has appeared.
Indian carriers lost about USD$2 billion in the financial year that ended in March and are reeling under a combined debt load of USD$20 billion. Privately held IndiGo was the only airline that made money last year.
However, Kingfisher's woes have proven to be a boon to relatively healthier players such as Jet Airways and No. 2 budget carrier SpiceJet, which posted surprise quarterly profits last week, indicating the worst may be over for them.
(Reuters)

Kingfisher Airlines Airbus A320

Court Blocks Kenya Airways' Job Cuts Plan

A Kenyan court has temporarily stopped national carrier Kenya Airways from retrenching its employees until a suit brought by the workers' union challenging the layoffs is heard and determined.
The airline said this month it would shed staff through voluntary retirement, redundancies and outsourcing of non-core roles in order to contain soaring costs and protect its bottom line.
"The respondent (Kenya Airways) is hereby restrained by way of temporary injunction from proceeding with any negotiations or any staff rationalisation that may render members redundant pending the hearing," Judge Onesmus Makau said in court orders.
The Aviation and Allied Workers Union filed a lawsuit in the industrial court seeking to stop the airline's action on the grounds the management had breached the labour relations act that requires a firm to engage workers through their union before laying them off.
Both parties will return to the court on September 21 for direction on the case, said Leonard Ochieng, the lawyer representing the workers.
Kenya Airways, which is 26.73-percent-owned by Air France KLM, was forced to raise workers' pay in 2010 after a strike that paralysed its operations.
High costs caused the carrier's pretax profit to plunge 57 percent in the full year that ended last March.
The carrier, one of the largest in sub-Saharan Africa alongside Ethiopian Airlines and South African Airways, did not indicate the level of savings it was targeting or how many jobs would be lost in the exercise.
(Reuters)

Two Planes Touch Wings At Dulles Airport

Two planes touched wings on a taxiway at Washington's Dulles Airport on Friday afternoon.
No injuries or damage to the aircraft were reported, according to a spokeswoman for the Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority.
The two planes involved were a Lufthansa A330 aircraft that was departing to Frankfurt and a United Express plane arriving from Pittsburgh.
(Reuters)

Lufthansa July Passenger Traffic Up 1.9 %

           A Lufthansa Airbus A340-300 on the runway

Lufthansa said sales at its passenger airlines in terms of revenue-seat km were up 1.9 percent in July, though freight volumes continued to fall, hit by a night flight ban at its Frankfurt hub and slowing economies.
The airline also said its load factor improved by 0.8 percentage points to 84.9 percent in the month.
The volume of cargo and mail it transported fell 8.8 percent.
(Reuters)
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